Postage stamps and postal history of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: "e Act of Congress of March 3, 1845, (effective July 1, 1845), established uniform (and reduced) postal rates throughout the nation, with a uniform rate of five cents for distances under 300 miles (500 km). However, Congress did not authorize the production of stamps until 1847, so postmasters made provisional issues. These included both prepaid envelopes and stamps, mostly of crude design, the New York Postmaster's Provisional being the only one of quality comparable to later stamps. The provisionals of Baltimore were notable for the reproduced signature of the city's postmaster—James Buchanan, later President of the United States. All of the provisionals are rare, and several command prices above US$100,000. These cities issued provisionals in 1845 and 1846:
Provisional stamp from Providence, Rhode Island.
Provisional stamp from Providence, Rhode Island.
* Alexandria, Virginia ('ALEXANDRIA POST OFFICE' in circle)
* Annapolis, Maryland (eagle in circle)
* Baltimore, Maryland (James Buchanan signature)
* Boscawen, New Hampshire ('PAID / 5 / CENTS')
* Brattleboro, Vermont (shaded box with postmaster initials inside)
* Lockport, New York ('LOCKPORT N.Y.' in oval)
* Millbury, Massachusetts (woodcut of"
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